The mangrove is a type of vegetation (or forest) composed predominantly of woody plants that develops along the low-lying shores of tropical marine coasts, particularly in areas periodically submerged by tides. The WWF considers mangroves as a biome, one of the fourteen major habitat types that the Earth is divided into. The term “mangrove” is also often incorrectly used as a common name for some individual tree species representative of this type of vegetation. Mangroves (or “mangrove forests”) typically consist of four zones parallel to the coastline: the first is made up of plants that are almost permanently submerged; the second (the mangrove proper, primarily consisting of species from the genus Rhizophora) is regularly flooded by high tides; the third consists of shrublands and is submerged only by the highest tides; and finally, the fourth, composed of halophytic shrub and tree species, is never submerged and has soil with lower salinity content. However, the last two zones are not always present.Â
The Daisugi technique is a traditional Japanese method of tree pruning, specifically used for timber production. Originating during the Muromachi period (1336-1573), this technique is particularly associated with the cultivation of Japanese cedars (Cryptomeria japonica) in the Kitayama region, near Kyoto. Characteristics of the Daisugi Technique
1. Vertical Pruning: The technique involves pruning trees so that new shoots grow vertically from the main trunk, creating a structure similar to a giant bonsai but with practical purposes for timber production. 2. Timber Production: The vertical shoots are cultivated for about 20 years before being harvested. This method allows for the production of straight, uniform, and high-quality timber, ideal for traditional house construction and furniture making. 3. Sustainability: Daisugi is a sustainable method because it allows for timber harvesting without completely cutting down the tree. After harvesting the shoots, new shoots can grow, ensuring a continuous source of wood. 4. Aesthetics and Culture: This technique is not only functional but also has an aesthetic and cultural significance.
The Botanical Garden was founded in 1985 on abandoned and degraded land in Monte Orlando, consisting of 13 terraces sloping towards the Gulf of Gaeta, covering approximately 2 hectares. It mainly features tropical and sub-tropical botanical species, many of which are rare and endangered in their countries of origin. The collection is particularly notable for its 150 different species of palms, sourced from seeds collected during business or leisure trips across various continents. The garden began as an experimental research site for palm acclimatization, and its delicate balance is maintained due to the rarity of species and the terraced terrain. The experimentation continues to this day.
Since 2012, the Foundation has been funding the maintenance and improvement of the botanical garden. In spring 2015, in collaboration with the FAI (Italian Environmental Fund), it opened for 2 days to a limited audience of FAI members. In May 2015, some schools visited the garden. In the future, the botanical garden will be open to a very limited audience during the spring, given the uniqueness of the site.
For several years now, a new conceptual category has entered everyday language, previously unused and expressed by the term “new lifestyle”; pursuing or witnessing new lifestyles. This incursion is linked to the widespread awareness that the gender or lifestyle consumed up to now – characteristic of Western culture – has generated widespread damage, even to the structural unsustainability of this kind of life. A somewhat distorted “way of life” that has had negative repercussions on humans, interpersonal relationships, social relations at various levels, and the environment, which has suffered the destructive impact of such development models. This awareness has gradually formed following critical issues that have increasingly closely affected our lives and, at the very least, have led to doubts about what was only a quarter of a century ago defined as our model of development and/or organization of social and economic life (a model that, despite many organizational differentiations, was considered “advanced” by definition for its perceived ability to meet human needs). The “cry of pain” that has emerged from nature, the environment, the earth, in many forms of critical situations, preceded humanity’s ability to understand and interpret reality and forced humans to question themselves, rethink, and awaken from the drowsiness of a culture not suited to the urgencies of the time.
The RAN (Natural Farming Network) is a project of the Natural Farming Center Association, which aims to promote the revolutionary potential of Natural Farming (or Non-Doing) practices. Natural Farming is an approach that eliminates environmental impact and reduces production costs to a minimum. It involves letting everything follow nature’s course: no plowing, pruning, fertilization, irrigation, crop care, phytosanitary treatments, or pest control. After a few years dedicated to awakening the soil, the farmer’s work is limited to sowing, mowing, and mulching. The scholar who introduced this approach to food production is the Japanese biologist, philosopher, and farmer Masanobu Fukuoka (1913-2008), author of “The One-Straw Revolution,” the most famous and widely circulated essay on agriculture ever published worldwide. The RAN was founded on August 23, 2021, by the farmer and promoter Kutluhan Özdemir (Technical Coordinator) and the journalist and videomaker Ezio Maisto (Communication Coordinator). The current board consists of the two founders and Rubina Varago (Workshop Coordinator).
Located in downtown Tokyo, Pasona HQ is a nine story high, 215,000 square foot corporate office building for a Japanese recruitment company, Pasona Group. It is a major renovation project consisting of a double skinned green facade, offices, an auditorium, cafeterias, a rooftop garden and most notably, urban farming facilities integrated within the building. The green space totals over 43,000 square feet with 200 species including fruits, vegetables and rice that are harvested, prepared and served at the cafeterias within the building. It is the largest and most direct farm-to-table of its kind ever realized inside an office building in Japan.